This post covers online PDF notes on motion along a straight line. This type of motion is also known as one-dimensional motion (1D).
This physics pdf note covers the following topics: (1) Position and Displacement in a straight line motion (2) Average Velocity (3) Instantaneous Velocity (4) Average Acceleration (5) Instantaneous acceleration (6)speed (7) motion with constant acceleration (8) free fall (9) finding velocity and displacement from acceleration.
This ebook note will benefit high school students and college physics students really well. Candidates appearing for AP physics, JEE Main, JEE Advanced, NEET, and competitive exams like UPSC will also find this online tutorial immensely helpful.
Grade 11 physics notes on Motion along a straight line | class 11 physics PDF notes
Here goes the list of topics covered by the eBook on Motion along a straight line. If you are looking for class 11 physics notes on Motion, you will certainly find this pdf useful.
Topics covered are listed again:
(1) Position and Displacement in a straight line motion
(2) Average Velocity
(3) Instantaneous Velocity
(4) Average Acceleration
(5) Instantaneous acceleration
(6)speed
(7) motion with constant acceleration
(8) free fall
(9) finding velocity and displacement from acceleration
What will we learn in this eBook | Important pointers covered by the physics notes
The OpenStax book we have consulted to present this post clearly mentions the Summary points of this chapter. And the Summary points go similar to the points mentioned below.
1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity
• Kinematics is the description of motion without considering its causes. In this chapter, it is limited to motion along a straight line, called one-dimensional motion.
• Displacement is the change in the position of an object. The SI unit for displacement is the meter. Displacement has direction as well as magnitude.
• Distance traveled is the total length of the path traveled between two positions.
• Time is measured in terms of change. The time between two position points x1 and x2 is Δt = t2 − t1 . Elapsed time for an event is Δt = tf − t0 , where tf is the final time and t0 is the initial time. The initial time is often taken to be zero.
• Average velocity v is defined as displacement divided by elapsed time. If x1, t1 and x2, t2 are two position time points, the average velocity between these points is v = Δx/Δt = (x2 − x1)/(t2 − t1)
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2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed
• Instantaneous velocity is a continuous function of time and gives the velocity at any point in time during a particle’s motion. We can calculate the instantaneous velocity at a specific time by taking the derivative of the position function, which gives us the functional form of instantaneous velocity v(t).
• Instantaneous velocity is a vector and can be negative.
• Instantaneous speed is found by taking the absolute value of instantaneous velocity, and it is always positive.
• Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by elapsed time.
• The slope of a position-versus-time graph at a specific time gives instantaneous velocity at that time.
3 Average and Instantaneous Acceleration
• Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. Acceleration is a vector; it has both a magnitude and direction The SI unit for acceleration is meters per second squared.
• Acceleration can be caused by a change in the magnitude or the direction of the velocity, or both.
• Instantaneous acceleration a(t) is a continuous function of time and gives the acceleration at any specific time during the motion. It is calculated from the derivative of the velocity function. Instantaneous acceleration is the slope of the velocity-versus-time graph.
• Negative acceleration (sometimes called deceleration) is acceleration in the negative direction in the chosen coordinate system.
4 Motion with Constant Acceleration
• When analyzing one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration, identify the known quantities and choose the appropriate equations to solve for the unknowns. Either one or two of the kinematic equations are needed to solve for the unknowns, depending on the known and unknown quantities.
• Two-body pursuit problems always require two equations to be solved simultaneously for the unknowns.
5 Free Fall
• An object in free fall experiences constant acceleration if air resistance is negligible.
• On Earth, all free-falling objects have an acceleration g due to gravity, which averages g = 9.81 m/s^2 .
• For objects in free fall, the upward direction is normally taken as positive for displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
6 Finding Velocity and Displacement from Acceleration
• Integral calculus gives us a more complete formulation of kinematics.
• If acceleration a(t) is known, we can use integral calculus to derive expressions for velocity v(t) and position x(t).
Grade 11 physics Notes on Motion along a straight line | PDF ebook
This pdf class note is taken from OpenStax eBook.
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